Ionische Verbindungen: Anwendungen der Chemie in der Mineralogie von Claude H. Yoder (eng

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Ionic Compounds

by Claude H. Yoder

A practical introduction to ionic compounds for both mineralogists and chemists, this book bridges the two disciplines. It explains the fundamental principles of the structure and bonding in minerals, and emphasizes the relationship of structure at the atomic level to the symmetry and properties of crystals.

FORMAT Paperback LANGUAGE English CONDITION Brand New

Publisher Description

A practical introduction to ionic compounds for both mineralogists and chemists, this book bridges the two disciplines. It explains the fundamental principles of the structure and bonding in minerals, and emphasizes the relationship of structure at the atomic level to the symmetry and properties of crystals. This is a great reference for those interested in the chemical and crystallographic properties of minerals.

Back Cover

An introduction to ionic compounds for both mineralogists and chemists Mineralogy and chemistry find their paths intertwined in many ways. Minerals afford chemists interesting examples of simple and complex structures, as well as practical applications of bonding, symmetry, and thermodynamics. Concurrently, the relevant chemistry enriches the mineralogist's view with a grasp of such aspects as structure, stability, and reactivity. This introduction to ionic compounds bridges the two disciplines by explaining the concepts that are used by the chemist and mineralogist in their attempts to unravel the mysteries of nature. The lively style uses questions and answers throughout as a means to both engage the reader and enhance their understanding of the material. Ionic Compounds: Applications of Chemistry to Mineralogy conveys the fundamental principles of the structure and bonding in minerals and emphasizes the relationship of structure at the atomic level to the symmetry and properties of crystals. The book covers: Bonding and composition Structure of ionic compounds, including close-packing The symmetry of crystals Factors that affect the symmetry of the unit cell Morphology and color Chemical properties Requiring no knowledge of either chemistry or mineralogy beyond the typical secondary school level, Ionic Compounds is an accessible and highly useful reference for both professional scientist, student, and the serious mineral collector who can benefit from a deeper understanding of the chemical and crystallographic properties of minerals.

Flap

An introduction to ionic compounds for both mineralogists and chemists Mineralogy and chemistry find their paths intertwined in many ways. Minerals afford chemists interesting examples of simple and complex structures, as well as practical applications of bonding, symmetry, and thermodynamics. Concurrently, the relevant chemistry enriches the mineralogist's view with a grasp of such aspects as structure, stability, and reactivity. This introduction to ionic compounds bridges the two disciplines by explaining the concepts that are used by the chemist and mineralogist in their attempts to unravel the mysteries of nature. The lively style uses questions and answers throughout as a means to both engage the reader and enhance their understanding of the material. Ionic Compounds: Applications of Chemistry to Mineralogy conveys the fundamental principles of the structure and bonding in minerals and emphasizes the relationship of structure at the atomic level to the symmetry and properties of crystals. The book covers: Bonding and composition Structure of ionic compounds, including close-packing The symmetry of crystals Factors that affect the symmetry of the unit cell Morphology and color Chemical properties Requiring no knowledge of either chemistry or mineralogy beyond the typical secondary school level, Ionic Compounds is an accessible and highly useful reference for both professional scientist, student, and the serious mineral collector who can benefit from a deeper understanding of the chemical and crystallographic properties of minerals.

Author Biography

CLAUDE H. YODER is a chemistry professor at Franklin & Marshall College. He is the recipient of numerous national awards and research grants and is the author of over 100 publications.

Table of Contents

Preface vii 1. Bonding and Composition 1 1.1 Types of Bonding 3 1.2 Ionic Compounds 5 1.2.1 Types of Ions 5 1.2.2 Names of Ions 8 1.3 Percent Composition and Empirical Formula 11 1.3.1 The Mole 13 Molar Mass (Formula Weight) 15 1.3.2 Calculation of Empirical Formula from Percent Composition 15 1.3.3 Use of Oxide Data 17 1.3.4 Formulas for Solid Solutions 18 1.4 Covalent Character in Ionic Compounds 19 1.5 Interactions Between Ions 22 1.5.1 Some Laws of Electrostatics 22 Potential Energy of Charged Particles 23 1.5.2 Lattice Energy and Its Effect on Properties 27 2. The Structure of Ionic Compounds: Closest Packing 29 2.1 Closest Packing of Ions 30 2.1.1 The Holes Between the Layers 31 2.1.2 Stacking Sequences 33 2.1.3 Closest Packing for Ionic Compounds 36 2.1.4 Relationship of Formula to Occupation of Voids 39 3. The Symmetry of Crystals 41 3.1 Symmetry Elements 41 3.2 Hermann-Mauguin Notation (Point Groups) 49 3.3 Crystal Systems 53 3.3.1 Crystallographic Axes 54 4. The Structure of Some Simple Closest-packed Compounds 59 4.1 Symmetry of the AB and ABC Closest-packed Arrangements 59 4.2 The Unit Cell 60 4.3 The NaCl Structure 65 4.4 The Sphalerite Structure 68 4.5 Axial Relationships 72 4.6 Wurtzite, a Polymorph of Sphalerite 74 4.7 The Fluorite Structure 76 4.8 The Rutile Structure, Polyhedral Coordination Models 80 5. Factors that Affect the Symmetry of the Unit Cell 87 5.1 Effect of Cation 87 5.1.1 The Chalcopyrite Structure and Solid Solution 88 5.2 Effect of the Anion 90 5.2.1 Some Oxy Anions 90 5.2.2 The Pyrite Structure 92 5.2.3 The Calcite Structure 95 5.2.4 Aragonite, A Polymorph of Calcite 97 5.2.5 Several Sulfates, Anhydrite and Barite 100 5.2.6 Several Silicates, Zircon, and Beryl 106 The Silicates 108 5.3 Effect of Temperature and Pressure 113 6. Physical Properties: Morphology 115 6.1 Crystal Morphology 115 6.2 Miller Indices 115 6.3 Forms 118 6.3.1 Habit 127 6.4 Deviations in Crystal Growth 129 6.4.1 Parallel Growth 129 6.4.2 Twinning 129 6.4.3 Epitaxis and Pseudomorphism 131 7. Physical Properties: Color 135 7.1 Light and the Electromagnetic Spectrum 135 7.2 The Nature of Electrons 136 7.3 Electron Configurations 142 7.4 The Crystal Field Model 143 7.5 Colored Cations 147 7.6 Ion Impurities 148 7.7 Crystal Defects 148 8. Chemical Properties 149 8.1 Solubility 149 8.1.1 Energetics of Dissolution 151 8.1.2 Solubility Rules 155 8.1.3 Double Salts 156 8.2 Reaction with Acids 157 8.2.1 Types of Chemical Reactions 157 8.2.2 Water as Both Acid and Base 159 8.2.3 Strong and Weak Acids 160 8.2.4 Conjugate Bases 160 8.3 Use of Chemical Reactions for Identification 162 Appendices 165 1. The Periodic Chart 165 2. The Elements: Symbols, Melting Points, Boiling Points, Densities, and Electronegativities 169 3. Metallic, Covalent, and Ionic Radii 171 4. Quartz 173 5. Crystal System Identification Practice 177 6. Crystal Systems and Classes 179 7. Additional Reading and Resources 181 Index 183

Review

"…a useful reference for both introductory mineralogy and chemistry students…its greatest application might be for serious mineral collectors." (CHOICE, April 2007)

Long Description

An introduction to ionic compounds for both mineralogists and chemists Mineralogy and chemistry find their paths intertwined in many ways. Minerals afford chemists interesting examples of simple and complex structures, as well as practical applications of bonding, symmetry, and thermodynamics. Concurrently, the relevant chemistry enriches the mineralogist's view with a grasp of such aspects as structure, stability, and reactivity. This introduction to ionic compounds bridges the two disciplines by explaining the concepts that are used by the chemist and mineralogist in their attempts to unravel the mysteries of nature. The lively style uses questions and answers throughout as a means to both engage the reader and enhance their understanding of the material. Ionic Compounds: Applications of Chemistry to Mineralogy conveys the fundamental principles of the structure and bonding in minerals and emphasizes the relationship of structure at the atomic level to the symmetry and properties of crystals. The book covers: Bonding and composition Structure of ionic compounds, including close-packing The symmetry of crystals Factors that affect the symmetry of the unit cell Morphology and color Chemical properties Requiring no knowledge of either chemistry or mineralogy beyond the typical secondary school level, Ionic Compounds is an accessible and highly useful reference for both professional scientist, student, and the serious mineral collector who can benefit from a deeper understanding of the chemical and crystallographic properties of minerals.

Review Text

"?a useful reference for both introductory mineralogy and chemistry students?its greatest application might be for serious mineral collectors." (CHOICE, April 2007)

Review Quote

"...a useful reference for both introductory mineralogy and chemistry students...its greatest application might be for serious mineral collectors." ( CHOICE , April 2007)

Promotional "Headline"

"...a useful reference for both introductory mineralogy and chemistry students...its greatest application might be for serious mineral collectors." (CHOICE, April 2007)

Feature

Provides basic, core knowledge of the chemistry of ionic compounds. Emphasizes the relationship of atomic-level structure to the symmetry and properties of crystals. Introduces the reader to fundamental principles of structure and bonding interactions, which serve as model systems for many minerals. Covers the structure, bonding, and stability of mineral phases in a significant and accessible manner. Engages the reader in the material through questions and answers about the subjects covered in each section.

Details ISBN0471740462 Author Claude H. Yoder Short Title IONIC COMPOUNDS Language English ISBN-10 0471740462 ISBN-13 9780471740469 Media Book Format Paperback DEWEY 549.18 Illustrations Yes Year 2006 Subtitle Applications of Chemistry to Mineralogy Alternative 9780470075104 Edition 1st Birth 1940 DOI 10.1604/9780471740469 UK Release Date 2006-10-31 AU Release Date 2006-10-31 NZ Release Date 2006-10-31 US Release Date 2006-10-31 Place of Publication Chicester Publisher John Wiley & Sons Inc Publication Date 2006-10-31 Imprint Wiley-Interscience Country of Publication United States Audience Professional & Vocational Pages 208

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  • Condition: Neu
  • ISBN-13: 9780471740469
  • Book Title: Ionic Compounds
  • ISBN: 9780471740469
  • Publication Year: 2006
  • Type: Textbook
  • Format: Paperback
  • Language: English
  • Publication Name: Ionic Compounds: Applications of Chemistry to Mineralogy
  • Item Height: 252mm
  • Author: Claude H. Yoder
  • Publisher: John Wiley & Sons INC International Concepts
  • Item Width: 177mm
  • Subject: Chemistry, Geology
  • Item Weight: 376g
  • Number of Pages: 208 Pages

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